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Country story

Oman

Oman authorised Islamic banking through full-fledged banks and windows and subsequently updated its banking law.

The Central Bank of Oman’s framework covers licensing, governance, accounting, capital and risk, with a central High Sharīʿah Supervisory Authority.

Islamic banking assets21.59B2024
Manufacturing value added10 % of GDP2024
Median largest disclosed shareholding31.1 % of disclosed equity2024 · median across 6 qualifying banks
How Islamic finance is organised

The Central Bank of Oman’s framework covers licensing, governance, accounting, capital and risk, with a central High Sharīʿah Supervisory Authority.

Why this case matters

Oman offers a relatively recent institutional introduction, allowing the difference between regulatory creation and productive consequence to remain visible.

Central tension

Purpose-built governance can establish legitimacy before enough evidence exists to judge long-run allocation effects.

What cannot be inferred

The available period is too short to attribute structural economic change to the regulatory introduction.

Descriptive comparison

Manufacturing value added

Latest available year: 2024.

Oman Manufacturing value added trajectory in original units.7.788.549.310.0610.8220182019202120232024YearManufacturing value added (% of GDP)
Oman

What this visual showsA verified country trajectory in the measure’s stated unit.

What it does not establishA causal effect of Islamic finance on the observed outcome.

Descriptive comparison

Financing directed towards FIRE-related activities

Country-year medians by bank type. Each point reports its covered-bank count.

FIRE ordinarily refers to finance, insurance and real estate. Here the measure is broader: it captures bank financing reported for financial institutions, insurance, real estate and consumer-durable activities. It is used as a proxy for firm-level financialisation. The measure does not imply that every underlying financing claim is speculative, harmful or unproductive. It is a sectoral-allocation proxy and a level measure that is sensitive to bank size.

Oman descriptive medians by bank type, 2000 to 2022 where observations are available.24.2826.2428.2130.1732.1320002006201220172023YearLogged FIRE-related financing volume (natural log) (natural-log units)
ConventionalIslamic

What this visual showsDescriptive median logged volumes among covered banks.

What it does not establishA bank-size-adjusted or causal difference between bank types.

Institutional sources